CNC FIBER LESAR CUTTING MACHINES

Product Description

Overview of CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Machines

CNC fiber laser cutting machines are advanced automated systems that use a fiber laser beam to precisely cut materials, primarily metals, by melting, burning, or vaporizing them along a programmed path. The "CNC" (Computer Numerical Control) aspect allows for computer-driven operation, enabling high-speed, accurate cuts on complex shapes without physical contact. These machines represent a significant evolution in metal fabrication, offering superior efficiency and beam quality compared to older CO or plasma cutters, making them indispensable in industries such as automotive, aerospace, electronics, and construction.

How CNC Fiber Laser Cutting Machines Work

The process starts with designing parts in CAD software, which is converted to G-code via CAM software for the CNC controller. This code directs the machine's movements.

Key steps include:

1. Laser Generation: A fiber laser source (using rare-earth-doped optical fibers like ytterbium) produces a coherent beam at ~1064nm wavelength through stimulated emission, pumped by diode lasers. The beam is delivered via fiber optic cablesno mirrors needed, reducing maintenance.
2. Beam Focusing and Cutting: The focused beam (spot size as small as 0.1mm) strikes the material, rapidly heating it to melting or vaporization point. An assist gas (nitrogen, oxygen, or air) blows away molten residue for a clean kerf (cut width of ~0.1-0.3mm).
3. Motion Control: Servo motors move the cutting head along X, Y, and Z axes at speeds up to 1000 inches per minute, following the programmed path. Real-time sensors adjust focus and power for varying thicknesses.
4. Post-Processing: Minimal; edges are often burr-free, though dross may need light cleaning on thicker cuts.

Unlike CO lasers, fiber lasers handle reflective metals without back-reflection damage, and their wall-plug efficiency reaches 30-50%.

Key Components

Materials and Capabilities

• Compatible Materials: Excels at metals like mild/carbon steel (up to 1" thick), stainless steel, aluminum, copper, brass, titanium, and alloys. Can handle some non-metals (plastics, composites) but less effectively than CO lasers; unsuitable for wood or acrylic without adjustments.
• Cut Quality: Exceptional precision (0.003" accuracy), smooth edges with minimal HAZ (heat-affected zone), ideal for intricate designs and small holes.
• Speed and Thickness: Cuts up to 5x faster than CO lasers; handles sheets up to 1" thick on standard models, tubes up to 22" diameter with rotary attachments. Power scales with needs: 1kW for thin sheets, 10kW+ for heavy plate.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

• High Efficiency and Speed: Up to 50% energy savings over CO; rapid processing reduces cycle times.
• Precision and Versatility: Non-contact cuts minimize distortion; handles reflective metals safely.
• Low Maintenance: Fiber delivery eliminates mirror alignment; long diode life (20,000+ hours).
• Eco-Friendly: Less waste, no purging gas needed, and lower emissions.

Disadvantages:

• High Initial Cost: Machines range from $30,000-$500,000+ depending on power and features.
• Power Consumption: High for industrial models, though offset by efficiency.
• Thickness Limits: Less effective on very thick (>1") or non-metallic materials compared to plasma.
• Reflective Challenges: May require heat sinks for highly reflective workpieces like silver.

Applications

CNC fiber laser cutters are versatile for:

• Automotive/Aerospace: Precision parts like chassis, brackets, exhausts, and panels.
• Electronics/Medical: Intricate cuts for PCBs, implants, and surgical tools from stainless steel/titanium.
• Fabrication/Construction: Sheet metal components, structural frames, and signage.
• Jewelry/Art: Detailed patterns in precious metals and custom sculptures.
• Tubular Cutting: With rotary add-ons, for pipes in furniture, fitness equipment, and handrails.